Brain Stone in Cerebellum

Mycobacterial Brain Abscess of the Cerebellum

Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis is a serious form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. CNS tuberculosis can present as meningitis, arachnoiditis, tuberculomas or the uncommon form of tuberculous subdural empyema and brain abscess. We present the clinical, radiological and pathological findings, and report on the successful treatment of an immunocompetent patient diagnosed with probable tub...

Remembering With a Stone-Age Brain

Ifmemory evolved, sculpted by the processes of natural selection, then its operating characteristics likely bear the ‘‘footprints’’ of ancestral selection pressures. Psychologists rarely consider this possibility and generally ignore functional questions in their attempt to understand how human memory works. We propose that memory evolved to enhance reproductive fitness and, accordingly, its sy...

A Rosetta Stone for Brain Waves

Whenever we watch the world around us or dream about it when sleeping, our neurons produce ‘‘brain waves’’—coordinated patterns of firing that create electrical signals that repeat in regular patterns. But exactly what messages are encoded in these brain waves, and how they are encoded, is still largely unresolved. The problem is that the brain has its own language for sending and receiving sig...

Stone Composition in Patients Who Undergo Renal Stone Surgery: Review of 423 Stone Analyses in Southern Iran

Stone tools, language and the brain in human evolution.

Long-standing speculations and more recent hypotheses propose a variety of possible evolutionary connections between language, gesture and tool use. These arguments have received important new support from neuroscientific research on praxis, observational action understanding and vocal language demonstrating substantial functional/anatomical overlap between these behaviours. However, valid reas...